Table 4 Vegetable and rice samples with pesticide residues detected by GC-ECD in 2017, 2018, and 2019
From: Pesticide traces in local crops of Sancti Spíritus, Cuba: risk assessment study
Samples | lindane | chlorothalonil | alachlor | bifenthrin | λ-cyhalothrin | cypermethrin | endosulfan | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | cucumber | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.029 | nd |
onion | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd-0.440b | nd | |
sweet pepper | nd | nd- < LOQ | nd | nd-0.026 | nd | nd-0.171 | nd | |
tomato | nd | nd-0.123 | nd | nd-0.030 | nd | nd-0.024 | nd- < LOQ | |
2018 | cucumber | nd- < LOQ | nd | nd-0.204 b | nd | nd | nd | nd |
onion | nd-0.242 b | nd-0.291 b | nd-2.905 b | nd-0.063 | nd | nd | nd-0.069 | |
sweet pepper | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd-0.027 | nd | nd | |
tomato | nd | nd-0.71 | nd-1.633 b | nd | nd | nd-0.046 | nd-0.010 | |
rice | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd-0.089 | nd | nd | |
2019 | cucumber | nd | nd | nd-0.018 b | nd | nd | nd-0.016 | nd |
sweet pepper | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd-0.064 | nd | |
tomato | nd | nd-0.105 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | |
MRL (mg kg−1) European/Cuban | tomato | 0.01a/− | 6.0/5.0 | 0.01 a /− | 0.3/− | 0.1/0.3 | 0.5/0.2 | 0.05 a /− |
onion | 0.01 a /− | 0.01 a /0.5 | 0.02 a /− | 0.01 a /− | 0.2/0.2 | 0.1/0.01 | 0.1 a /− | |
sweet pepper | 0.01 a /− | 0.01 a /7.0 | 0.01 a /− | 0.5/− | 0.1/0.3 | 0.5/0.1 | 0.05 a /− | |
cucumber | 0.01 a /− | 5.0/5.0 | 0.01 a /− | 0.01 a /− | 0.1/0.05 | 0.2/0.07 | 0.05 a /1.0 | |
rice | 0.01 a /− | 0.01 a /− | 0.01 a /− | 0.01 a /− | 1.0/1.0 | 2.0/2.0 | 0.05 a /− | |