Skip to main content

Table 2 Best fit distribution for the mycotoxin levels (ng/g) in raw rice, rice consumption (ng/kg bw/day) and reduction of mycotoxins during processing in the Mekong Delta applied for the probabilistic exposure assessment

From: Public health risk due to aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in rice in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Input mycotoxin exposure

Best distribution function

Mycotoxin concentration (ng/g) in raw rice

 AFs (data > LOQ)

RiskGamma(0,53,238;17,035;RiskShift(4,06)

 FBs (data > LOQ)

RiskLognorm(262,73;67,821;RiskShift(69,088)

IF-function for fit AFs or FBs concentration at three scenariosa

 LB

RiskMakeInput (IF (Random< Fraction of ND data; 0; IF (Random < (Fraction of <LOD data + Fraction of <LOQ); LOD/2; Fit Gamma distribution AFs/Lognorm distribution FBs concentration data > LOQ)

 MB

RiskMakeInput (IF (Random < Fraction of ND data; LOD/2; IF(Random < (Fraction of LOD data + Fraction of <LOQ); LOD; Fit Gamma distribution AFs/Lognorm distribution FBs concentration data > LOQ)

 UB

RiskMakeInput (IF (Random < Fraction of ND data; LOD; IF(Random < (Fraction of <LOD data + Fraction of <LOQ); LOQ; Fit Gamma distribution AFs/Lognorm distribution FBs concentration data > LOQ)

Rice consumption (g/kg bw/day)

 Population (all age groups)

RiskExtvalue(48,117;23,961)

 Children

RiskLaplace(70,012;15,138)

 Adolescents

RiskPert(0,61,803;40,727;14,726)

 Adults

RiskLoglogistic(−66,691;12,684;78,772)

 Elderly

RiskExpon(27,133;RiskShift(15368))

Reduction of mycotoxin (washing/cooking) (fraction) – derived from Table 1

 AFs (washing)

RiskUniform(14/100;24/100)

 AFs (cooking)

RiskUniform(7/100;88/100)

 FBs (washing and cooking)

RiskUniform(23/100;48/100)

  1. aAFs (30 samples > LOD (3 ng/g) and LOQ (4 ng/g)); FBs (37 samples >LOD (200 ng/g) and LOQ (250 ng/g)); ND not detected = < LOD; 28% (n = 14/50) and 66% (n = 32/50) of samples > LOQ (AFs = 4 ng/g) and LOQ (FBs = 250 ng/g)